《PowerandLove》 第1章 Praise for Power and Love "adam''ssolvingtoughproblemshelpedmeunderstandthatallofourpressingproblems-betheystrategicissuesinsidepanyorsocietalchallengeslikeconflict,poverty,orclimatechange-requirethatthosewithastakeandthepowertoacetogetherinopendialoguetocreateajointdiagnosisandadeemitmenttomovingforwardtogether.inpowerandlove,adamgoesfurtheranddeeper,intothekindofleadershipthatittakestodothis." -ravivenkatesan,chairman,microsoftindia "itisn''teither-or;it''sboth-and.inthisdeceptivelybriefandclearlywrittenbook,adamkahakesusthroughhisownlearningprocesstoawayofactinginandontheworldthatisbotheffectiveandcaring.intelligent,insightful,satisfying-andinspiring." -marycatherinebateson,authoroposingalifeandwillingtolearn "kahaneisamasterpractitionerandthinkerwhoknowsthehighsandlowsofsolvingsomeofthetoughestproblemsofsocialdiscord.powerandloveisbothinstructiveandinspiring." -patrickdodson,winnerofthesydneypeaceprizeandfoundingchairman,councilforaboriginalreconciliation "thisbookisamust-readforbusinessleaderswhoaringtorecognizethattocontinuetothrive,businessmustjoinforceswithinterestgroupsmunities,andgovernmenttoaddressthewickedsustainabilitychallengesofourtime.kahaneshowsushow." -dianeosgood,vicepresident,businessforsocialresponsibility "thecynicalsideofmesaysthatadamkahaneisuniqueandthatit''shispersonalityandpresencethatenablehimtooveeconflictandcreateconstructiveresolutionstostalematesinbusinessandsociety.butthehopefulsidesaysthatyesheisspecialbutthathisideas-whichheexinssoablyinpowerandlove-canbeusedbyothers.hewritesnotfromtheorybutfromexperience-anddrawsoutthelessonsfromalifetimeoffosteringconstructiveengagementtodealwiththetoughestchallenges." -estherdyson,founder,edventureholdings "thisisasuperbbook:wiseandthoughtful." -w.brianarthur,externalprofessor,santafeinstitute,andauthorofthenatureoftechnology "ifwearetomoveforwardonthemanychallengeshumanityfaces,onlythroughasymbiosisofpowerandlovecanweenablethesocialchangeweneed,thatbothunifiesandissufficientlycreative.thisbookoffersaglimpseofwhatanewpraxisofcreativecollectiveactionmightlooklike." -geddavis,formermanagingdirector,worldeconomicforum,andformervicepresident,royaldutchshell "reconcilingextremesisthechallengeofourtime.sharinginsightsbornfromworkinginthetrenchesoftheworld''stoughestsocialproblems,adamkahanecallsfortheextraordinarymeasureofembracingthewholenessofourpowerandourlove:thehardandsoftinusall.byilluminatingthis''umonway,''kahane''smessagejoinsthestreamoftheworld''smostprofoundandenduringstrategicviews." -jamesgimian,publisher,shambhsun,andcoauthoroftherulesofvictory "mahatmagandhi''slifewastheunfoldingofthedeeptruthoftheneedtochangeoneselfifonewantstochangetheworld.hencehisautobiographywastitledmyexperimentswithtruth.adam''sstoryofhisengagementswithpeopleinmanycountries,whomhewascalledtohelpintheireffortstochangetheirworlds,isanountofhisownrealizationofgandhi''sinsight.anhonestandbeautifullytoldstory." -arunmaira,member,nninmissionofthegovernmentofindia "inthisevocativeandbeautifullywrittennarrative,adamkahaneshareshisownjourneytowardadeeperandmorelife-affirmingunderstandingofthertionshipbetweenloveandpower-bothinourselvesandinthesystemsweworkwith.hisreal-lifestoriesandthelessonstheyreverpellingforallofuswhoworkwitplexissuesinvolvingmultiplestakeholders." -juanitabrown,cofounder,theworldcafé "thisisacourageousbook.toofewofuswhofrequentthehallsofpowerarewillingtoacknowledgethepoweroflove.notadam.inthisdelicateandsensiblebook,weseeanecessarydialectic,anuneasypartnershipofpowerandlovethatisessentialtosolvingtheproblemsweface." -jayogilvy,dean,presidiograduateschool,andcofounder,globalbusineswork "thisisaremarkablebook.kahanefuseshisrealexperienceandearnedwisdomintoaclearnewlensthroughwhichsocialchangepractitionersandtheoristscanbetterseehowexpressions-andshadows-ofloveandpowershapetheouesoftheireffortstosolvplexsocialproblems." -rossmcmin,president,tidescanada "fromclimatedisruptiontohealthcare,frompovertytowar,therangeofseeminglyintractablecriseswefacetodayisenoughtocausedespairineventhemosthopeful.yetthesearethekindsofproblemsthatadamkahanehasgrappledwitharoundtheworld.inpowerandlove,kahaneusestheseexperiencestoexplorewhysessinthefaceoplexchallengesrequiresnotjustanewunderstandingoftheproblemsbutanewunderstandingofourselves." -jamaiscascio,cofounder, "adamkahanehasminedmorethantwodecadesofpracticetocreateabrave,concisepellingreflectionaboutthemistakeshehasmade,thelessonshehaslearned,andthehard-earnedtheorythatnowguideshiswork.powerandlovehasahumilitythatisbingandadepththatisinspiring." -katherinefulton,president,monitorinstitute "anextraordinarilyinsightfndpowerfnalysisofwhatittakestoleadchangeandtomakeadifferenceinsociety.drawingonhisownexperiencesaroundtheworld,kahaneuseshisskillsofacuteobservationandhonestself-reflectiontofigureouthowtoeffectdeepanstingsocialchange-startingwithoneself." -fieldswicker-miurin,cofounder,leaders''quest "bringing''power''and''love''togetherinresolvingthemostintractablesocialproblemsisnotonlyunusual,itmayalsoseemunreal.adamkahanemakesitradicallymandatory." -njabulondebele,formervice-chancellor,universityofcapetown,andauthoroffinelinesfromthebox "adamkahaneisachangeagentofthefirstorder.hisweeandtimelybookwillhelpreadersrefocusandstrengthentheimitmentandabilitytoeffectmuch-needemunityandsocietalchange." -marifitzduff,professoranddirector,mastersprogramincoexistenceandconflict,brandeisuniversity "thisbookiswrittenwithgreatinsightandrevealinghonesty.adamisawonderfulstoryteller,groundshisthinkinginreality,andinthisbookgivesusapathtomakingstingdifferenceintheworld." -peterblock,authorofstewardship,theanswertohowisyes,anmunity "powerandloveshouldbereadandrereadbyanyoneseriouslmittedtoaddressingtoughproblems." -morrisrosenberg,deputyministerofhealth,governmentofcanada "atimelybookthatcontainsclearlessonsabouthow,why,andwhensystemic,participatory,andgenerativeinterventions,aimedatshapingthefuture,workorfail." -angwilkinson,directorofscenarionningandfuturesresearch,instituteforscience,innovation,andsociety,universityofoxford "effectiveandsustainableresponsestoglobalhealthchallengesrequirebusiness,government,andcivilsocietytoworktogetherinpartnership-butsuchpartnershipsdonoteasilydeliverwin-win-winoues.kahane''sthoughtfndgroundedreflectionsonhisownexperiencesofsessandfailureshowustheway." -paulusm.verschuren,seniordirector,globalhealthpartnerships,unilever "asleadersintheprivate,public,andsocialsectors,weallstruggletonavigatetensions.adamkahanepointsoutthattheprityofpowerversusloveunderpinsthemall.aslongasweapproachthispritywithan''either-or''filter,wewillremainstuck;onlywhenweembraceitasan''and''canwebreathelifeintochange.kahaneshowsushowtoembodythis''and''andsotoleadeffectivelyandgracefully." -zaferachi,managingdirector,middleeast,mckinseypany "internationalconflictimonlyunderstoodbygovernmentsthroughthelensofrealpolitik.thelimitationsofsuchastrategicanalysisofpoweristhatitdoesnotrecognizethepowerofhumanmotivation.adamkahane''swiseandinsightfulbookaddressesthisbyintegratingtheconceptsofloveandpower." -gabriellerifkind,director,humansecurityinthemiddleeastprogramme,oxfordresearchgroup "kahaneaddressestheoften-neglectedneedtocreatealternativesocialstructuresinsituationswherepowerpetition,andself-interestcontinueevenafterdeeplyentrencheddisputeshavebeen''settled''throughconflictresolutionandnegotiation.reflectiveandpractical:amust-read." -charlesvi-vicencio,formernationalresearchdirector,southafricantruthandreconciliatiomission "thisisnotabookaboutsimplesolutionstplexproblems;itisthetaleofatwenty-yearpilgrimage,oneman''scourageousjourneyintotheunknown,awillingnesstotakeonsomeoftheworld''smosplexandseeminglyintractableproblems,atthesametimeworkingonone''sownintractability.powerandloveistheantidotetoresignation;itisaboutthehopeandpossibilitythaesfromittingoneselftomakingadifferenceintheworld." -barryoshry,authorofseeingsystemsandleadingsystems "inthefourdecadessincemartinlutherking''sdeath,changeagentsacrosstheworldhavesoughttogroundthemselvesinhispowerfndlovingpractice.adamkahane''sbookisajourneyandaroadmaptothatpractice." -michelgelobter,ceo,cooler,andformerpresident,redefiningprogress "adam''scourageousexplorationofhisstrugglewiththeparadoxesofpowerandloveinvitesusintoourownexplorationofthiscrucialtension.ourcapacitytodealwithourtoughestsocialchallenges-evenoursurvivsaspecies-dependsonourlearningtoworkskillfullywiththesetwofundamentaldrives." -philcass,ceo,columbusmedicssociation "basedonhisfirsthandexperiencesworkingwithleaders-fromacrosssectors,organizations,anmunities,aroundtheworld-whoaredealingwithtoughproblems,kahane''sbeautifullywrittenbookoffersajewelofwisdomtothosewhowanttoeffectprofoundsocialchange:learntospeakboththnguageofpowerandthnguageoflove." -elenadiezpinto,executivedirector,sorosfoundation-guatem,andformerexecutivedirector,visionguatem "thisthought-provokingbookwillhelpleadersofsocialchangeeffortsundertaketheirchallengingworkmorepositivelyandpowerfully." -bobhead,ceo,skandia "powerandloveexpandsandrefinestheanalysisofsolvingtoughproblems.arenownedpractitionerofthedelicateartofconveningdiverseandoftenwarringstakeholderstosolveintractableproblemstogether,kahanehasageniusforextractingfundamentalinsightsandprinciplesfroplexexperiences.thissmallbookwillstimtefreshthinkingbyresearchers,practitioners,andpolicymakerseverywherewhoareconcernedwithcatalyzingsustainablesocialchange." -l.davidbrown,seniorresearchfellow,hausercenterfornonprofitorganizations,harvarduniversity "powerpushes,lovepulls.adamkahaneunderstandsthesetwofundamentalforceslikefewhands-onpractitionersofconflictresolution.powerandloveisthatrarejewel-amanundaso." -robertfuller,authorofdignityforall,allrise,andsomebodiesandnobodies "powerandloveoutlinesadam''suniqueapproachtosolvingproblems,whichenablespeopletomakesenseoftheirworld-past,present,andfuture-sothattheycanmakeitbetter." -paulhanratty,ceo,long-termsavings,oldmutualplc "adamkahakessystemsthinkingoverintosystemsdoing.hetellsusstoriesofhowseparatedpartsarebrought-lovingly-intoservingthepurposesofthewholeofthesocialorder.kahanewalkshistalk.heisaprincipledpragmatist." -boekman,founderandchairman,t?llbergfoundation "powerwithoutlovecannotsustainthelong-term,coordinatedeffortnecessarytoachievesocialchange;lovewithoutpowercannotoveeentrenchedinterests.kahane''sstoriesandhiswisecounselshowhowwecanworkwiththeseapparentoppositestocreatenewworlds." -bettysueflowers,coauthorofpresenceandformerdirector,lyndonbainesjohnsonlibraryandmuseum "adam''sbookisanimportantcontributiontoourunderstandingofhowtoco-createnewsocialrealities." -ottoscharmer,chairofthepresencinginstituteandauthoroftheoryu praiseforsolvingtoughproblems "thisbreakthroughbookaddressesthecentralchallengeofourtime:findingawaytoworktogethertosolvetheproblemswehavecreated." -nelsonmand "aseminalbook.exciting,vital,essentialreading." -edgarh.schein,professorofmanagementemeritus,massachusettsinstituteoftechnologysloanschoolofmanagement,andauthorofprocessconsultationandhelping "oursocietiesfacereallyhardproblems-poverty,injustice,sustainability,corruption-thatareinsolublebyconventionalmeans.conflictsofinterestandprofounduncertaintiesaboutthefutureareproducingparalysisandinaction.adamkahanehas,morethananyone,developedandsessfullyemployedtoolsthatenableustocreatefuturesofsharedprogressandprofit." -peterschwartz,chairman,globalbusineswork,andauthoroftheartofthelongview "highlyrelevanttotheglobalchallengeswefacetoday." -debradunn,seniorvicepresident,hewlett-packard "thisbookshouldbereadbyeveryonewhoisconcernedwiththequalityofdecisionmakinginourdemocracies." -elenamartinez,assistantsecretary-general,unitednations 第2章 Dedication tomymotherandfather"powerproperlyunderstoodisnothingbuttheabilitytoachievepurpose.itisthestrengthrequiredtobringaboutsocial,political,andeconomhange….andoneofthegreatproblemsofhistoryisthattheconceptsofloveandpowerhaveusuallybeencontrastedasopposites-propposites-sothatloveisidentifiedwiththeresignationofpower,andpowerwiththedenialoflove.nowwe''vegottogetthisthingright.what[weneedtorealizeis]thatpowerwithoutloveisrecklessandabusive,andlovewithoutpowerissentimentndanemic….itispreciselythiscollisionofimmoralpowerwithpowerlessmoralitywhichconstitutesthemajorcrisisofourtime."-martinlutherkingjr.,"wheredowegofromhere? " 《powerandlove》第2章 dedication 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第3章 Preface howcanweaddressourtoughestchallenges?howcanwebreakthroughourmostentangled,stuckproblems?howcanwecreatesocialchange? ihavespentthepasttwentyyearssearchingforanswerstothesequestions.myworkhasbeentohelpteamsofleaderetogetherfromacrossagivensocialsystemtoaddressaparticrchallengethatallofthemwanttoresolvebutthatnoneofthemcanresolvealone.myrolehasbeenasadesigner,facilitator,andorganizerofthesepracticalsocialchangeprojects.ihaveimmersedmyselfintheseinitiatives,andatthesametimehavepaidattentiontowhatwashappeningaroundandinsideme. ihavehadtheprivilegeofworkinginthisway,alongsidemycolleagues,withallkindsofteams,onallsortsofchallenges,inallpartsoftheworld.wehaveworkedintheunitedstates,tomakecitieshealthierandmorelivable;incanada,toeleratetheshifttoalow-carboneconomy;incolombia,tocreateequitabledevelopmentamidcontinuedprization;inguatem,toimplementthepeaceordsthatendedthecivilwar;acrosseuropeandtheamericas,tomakefoodsupplychainsmoresustainable;inisrael,todealwithwideningculturndideologicalschisms;insouthafrica,toaddresscriticaldevelopmentalissuesinthetransitionfromapartheid;inindia,toreducechildmalnutrition;inthephilippines,tounblockapoliticalstalemate;andinaustralia,toeffectlong-dyedreconciliationbetweenaboriginndnonaboriginalpeople. theseexperienceshavegivenmeanup-frontviewofthedynamicsofsocialchangeatmanylevels:individual,groupmunity,society.ihavebeenamemberoftensofdiverseteams;workingtogetherovermonthsandyears;engagingheads,hearts,andhands.ihavehadtheopportunitytoparticipateinmuchtrindmucherrorandmuchlearning.ihaveworkedsidebysidewithremarkablechangeagents,socialentrepreneurs,andactivists,andbeenabletoobserve,frombothoutsiderandinsiderperspectives,whatworksandwhatdoesn''t.basedonthesefirsthandexperiences,ihavewrittenthisbooktosharewhatihavelearnedwithotherswhoaretryingtocreatesocialchange. overthesetwentyyears,ihavemadetwodiscoveries.ireportedthefirstonefiveyearsagoinsolvingtoughproblems:anopenwayoftalking,listening,andcreatingnewrealities.inthatbookiconcludedthatthekeytocreatingnewsocialrealitiesistoopenourselvesupandconnect:toourowntrueselves,tooneanother,andtoourcontextandwhatitdemandsofus. fiveyearsandmanyexperienceter,icanseethatthisconclusionwasright,butonlyhalfright,anddangerouslyso. powerandlovepicksupwheresolvingtoughproblemsleftoffandreportstheseconddiscovery.inordertoaddressourtoughestchallenges,wemustindeedconnect,butthisisnotenough:wemustalsogrow.inotherwords,wemustexercisebothlove(thedrivetounity)andpower(thedrivetoself-realization).ifwechooseeitherloveorpower,wewillgetstuckinre-creatingexistingrealities,orworse.ifwewanttocreatenewandbetterrealities-athome,atwork,inoumunities,intheworld-weneedtolearnhowtointegrateourloveandourpower. powerandloveisbothpractdpersonal.manyresearchers-acrosspoliticalscience,peacestudies,management,neuro-biology,sociology,psychology,philosophy,theology-haveusedavarietyofframingsandvocabriestopointouttheimportanceofpowerorloveorboth.thepurposeofthisbookisnottoreiterateorreviewthesespecializedtheories,buttoexplorehowingenerndinpracticewecanworkwithpowerandlovetoaddressourtoughestchallenges.furthermore,ihavenotconstructedmyunderstandingofthesephenomenaoutofthesetheories,butinsteadoutofsiftingthroughandtryingtomakesenseofmyownmostconfusingandchallengingexperiencesofsocialchange. yearsagoiwasamazedwhenireadthefirstpagesofthesecondvolumeowrencedurrell''snovelthealexandriaquartet.balthazarhandsdarley,thenarrator,themarked-upmanuscriptofdarley''sfirstvolume:"apapernowsearedandstarredbyamassiveinterlinearofsentences,paragraphsandquestion-marks."thesecondvolumethengoesontortearadicallydifferentinterpretationofthesameeventsthatdarleyhaddescribedinthefirstone,andthethirdandfourthvolumesdothesameagainfromtwoadditionalperspectives. manytimesduringthepasttwentyyears,ihavebeenhandedalternativeinterpretationsofmyownstories.iammovingalongconfidently,andthensomebodysayssomethingthatshowsmethingsarenotatallthewayithinktheyare.throughsuchdisciplinedre-viewingofmyownexperiences,ihavegraduallybuiltupmyunderstandingofthedynamicsofsocialchange. thebookbeginswith"introduction:beyondwarandpeace,"whichsummarizeswhatihavelearned.chapter1,"thetwosidesofpower,"andchapter2,"thetwosidesoflove,"describethesetwofundamentaldrivesthatgeneratesocialchange.chapter3,"thedilemmaofpowerandlove,"exinswhywecannotchoosebetweenthesedrivesbutmustfindawaytoreconcilethem.chapter4,"falling,"chapter5,"stumbling,"andchapter6,"walking,youtaprogressionofthreemodesofemployingpowerandlove-fromthemostprizedandstucktothemostintegratedandfluid-inworkingcollectivelytoeffectsocialchange.in"conclusion:toleadmeanstostepforward,"isuggestawaytoworkindividuallythroughthissameprogression,fromfallingtostumblingtowalking,andsobemorecapableofaddressingourtoughestchallenges. 第4章 Introduction: Beyond War and Peace ourtwomosmonwaysoftryingtoaddressourtoughestsocialchallengesaretheextremeones:aggressivewarandsubmissivepeace.neitherofthesewaysworks.wecantry,usingourgunsormoneyorvotes,topushthroughwhatwewant,regardlessofwhatotherswant-butinevitablytheotherspushback.orwecantrynottopushanythingonanyone-butthatleavesoursituationjustasitis. theseextremewaysareextremelmon,onallscales.oneonone,wecanbepushyorconflictaverse.atwork,wecanbebossyor"goalongtogetalong."inoumunities,wecansetthingsupsothattheyarethewaywewantthemtobe,orwecanabdicate.innationffairs,wecanmakedealstogetourway,orwecanletothershavetheirway.ininternationalrtions-whetherthechallengeisclimatechangeortraderulesorpeaceinthemiddleeast-wecantrytoimposeoursolutionsoneveryoneelse,orwecannegotiateendlessly.theseextrememonwaysoftryingtoaddressourtoughestsocialchallengesusuallyfail,leavingusstuckandinpain.therearemanyexceptionstothesegeneralizationsabouttheprevalenceoftheseextremeways,butthefactthattheseareexceptionsprovesthegeneralrule.weneed-andmanypeopleareworkingondeveloping-different,umonwaysofaddressingsocialchallenges:waysbeyondthesedegenerativeformsofwarandpeace. acharacterinrent,jonatharson''sbroadwaymusicboutstrugglingartistsandmusiciansinnewyorkcity,says,"theoppositeofwarisn''tpeace,it''screation!"[1]toaddressourtoughestsocialchallenges,weneedawaythatisneitherwarnorpeace,butcollectivecreation.howcanweco-createnewsocialrealities? twofundamentaldrives toco-createnewsocialrealities,wehavetoworkwithtwodistinctfundamentalforcesthatareintension:powerandlove.thisassertionrequiresanexnationbecausethewords"power"and"love"aredefinedbysomanydifferentpeopleinsomanydifferentways.inthisbookiusetwounusualdefinitionsofpowerandlovesuggestedbytheologianandphilosopherpaultillich.hisdefinitionsareontological:theydealwithwhatandwhypowerandloveare,ratherthanwhattheyenableorproduce.iusethesedefinitionsbecausetheyringtruewithmyexperienceofwhatinpracticeisrequiredtoaddresstoughchallengesatalllevels:individual,groupmunity,society. tillichdefinespoweras"thedriveofeverythinglivingtorealizeitself,withincreasingintensityandextensity."sopowerinthissenseisthedrivetoachieveone''spurpose,togetone''sjobdone,togrow.hedefinesloveas"thedrivetowardstheunityoftheseparated."[2]soloveinthissenseisthedrivetoreconnectandmakewholethatwhichhasbeorappearsfragmented.thesetwowaysoflookingatpowerandlove,ratherthanthemormonideasofoppressivepowerandromanticlove(representedonthecoverbythegrenadeandtherose),areatthecoreofthisbook. ourfullworld wecannotaddressourtoughchallengesonlythroughdrivingtowardsself-realizationoronlythroughdrivingtowardsunity.weneedtodoboth.oftenweassumethatallittakestocreatesomethingnew-whetherinbusinessorpoliticsortechnologyorart-ispurposefulnessorpower.thisisbecauseweoftenassumethatthecontextinwhichwecreateisanemptyworld:anopenfrontier,awhitespace,ankcanvas.ingeneralthisassumptionisincorrect. let''slookatahistoricalexample.in1788,britishsettlersarrivedinaustraliaandencounteredtheindigenouspeoplewhohadarrived40,000yearsearlier.thishistoryillustratesnotonlythecourageandentrepreneurialismofpeoplewillingtotravcrosstheglobetocreateanewsocialreality,butalsothehumanandecologicaldevastationthatthispioneeringmind-setcanproduce.formorethantwocenturies,theconflictbetweensettlersandaboriginalpeoplesinaustraliawasframedintermsofthedoctrineofterranullius,aromanlegaltermthatmeansndbelongingtonoone,"or"emptnd."itwasnotuntil1992thatthehighcourtofaustraliaruledthatthecontinenthadinfactneverbeenterranullius,andthatthemodern-daysettlershadtoworkoutanewwayoflivingtogetherwiththeaboriginalpeople. noneofuslivesinterranullius.wecanpretendthatourworldisempty,butitisnot.ourearthisincreasinglyfullofpeopleandbuildingsandcarsandpilesofgarbage.ouratmosphereisincreasinglyfullofcarbondioxide.oursocietyisincreasinglyfullofdiverse,strongpetingvoicesandideasandcultures.thisfullnessisthefundamentalreasonwhy,inordertoaddressourtoughestsocialchallenges,weneedtoemploynotonlypowerbutalsolove. achallengeistoughwhenitiplexinthreeways.[3]achallengeisdynamicallplexwhencauseandeffectareinterdependentandfarapartinspaceandtime;suchchallengescannotsessfullybeaddressedpiecebypiece,butonlybyseeingthesystemasawhole.achallengeissociallplexwhentheactorsinvolvedhavedifferentperspectivesandinterests;suchchallengescannotsessfullybeaddressedbyexpertsorauthorities,butonlywiththeengagementoftheactorsthemselves.andachallengeisgenerativelplexwhenitsfutureisfundamentallyunfamiliarandundetermined;suchchallengescannotsessfullybeaddressedbyapplying"bestpractice"solutionsfromthepast,butonlybygrowingnew,"nextpractice"solutions. thefullnessofourworldproducesthisthreefolplexity.wecanpretendthatweareindependentandthatwhatwedodoesnotaffectothers(andwhatothersdodoesnotaffectus),butthisisnottrue.wecanpretendthateverybodyseesthingsthesameway,orthatourdifferencescanberesolvedpurelythroughmarketorpoliticalorlegapetition,butthisisnottrue.andwecanpretendthatwecandothingsthewaywealwayshave,orthatwecanfirstfigureoutandthenexecutethecorrectanswer,butthisisnottrue. whenwepretendthatourworldisemptyratherthanfull,andthatourchallengesaresimpleratherthaplex,wegetstuck.ifwewanttogetunstuck,weneedtoacknowledgeourinterdependence,cooperate,andfeelourwayforward.weneedthereforetoemploynotonlyourpowerbutalsoourlove.ifthissoundseasy,itisnot.itisdifficultanddangerous. twopitfalls powerandlovearedifficulttoworkwithbecauseeachofthemhastwosides.powerhasagenerativesideandadegenerativeside,and-lessobviously-lovealsohasagenerativesideandadegenerativeside.feministschrpamelchioripointedouttomethatwecanseethesetwosetsoftwosidesifwelookathistoricallyconstructedgenderroles.thefather,embodyingmasculinepower,goesouttowork,todohisjob.thegenerativesideofhispoweristhathecancreatesomethingvaluableintheworld.thedegenerativesideofhispoweristhathecanbesofocusedonhisworkthathedenieshisconnectiontohiscolleaguesandfamily,andsobesarobotoratyrant. themother,bycontrast,embodyingfemininelove,staysathometoraisethechildren.thegenerativesideofherloveisthatshegiveslife,literallytoherchildandfigurativelytoherwholefamily.thedegenerativesideofherloveisthatshecanbesoidentifiedwithandembracingofherchildandfamilythatshedeniestheirandespeciallyherownneedforself-realization,andsostuntstheirandherowngrowth.[4] loveiswhatmakespowergenerativeinsteadofdegenerative.poweriswhatmakeslovegenerativeinsteadofdegenerative.powerandlovearethereforeexactlplementary.inorderforeachtoachieveitsfullpotential,itneedstheother.justastheterranulliusperspectiveoffocusingonlyonpowerisanerror,sotooisthepopperspectivethat"allyouneedislove." psychologistrollomay,afriendofpaultillich,warnedofthedangersofdisconnectingpower(whichhereferredtoas"will")fromlove."loveandwill,"hewrote,"areinterdependentandbelongtogether.bothareconjunctiveprocessesofbeing-areachingouttoinfluenceothers,molding,forming,creatingtheconsciousnessoftheother.butthisisonlypossible,inaninnersense,ifoneopensoneselfatthesametimetotheinfluenceoftheother.willwithoutlovebesmaniptionandlovewithoutwillbessentimental.thebottomthendropsoutoftheconjunctiveemotionsandprocesses."[5]may''sconjunctiveprocessesalsooperateonasociallevel,andwecaneffectnonviolentsocialchangeonlyifwecanengagebothourpowerandourlove. oneofthegreatestpractitionersofnonviolentsocialchange,martinlutherkingjr.,wasbothapracttivistandaspiritualleader.hedemonstratedawayofaddressingtoughsocialchallengesthatwentbeyondaggressivewarandsubmissivepeace,therebycontributingtothecreationofnewsocialrealitiesintheunitedstatesandaroundtheworld.inhistpresidentialspeechtothesouthernchristianleadershipconference,king-drawingonhisdoctoralstudiesoftillich''swork-emphasizedtheessentiaplementaritybetweenpowerandlove.[6]"powerwithoutloveisrecklessandabusive,"kingsaid,"andlovewithoutpowerissentimentndanemic."[7] myownexperienceofthepasttwentyyearsentirelybearsoutking''sanalysis.powerwithoutloveisrecklessandabusive.ifthoseofusengagedinsocialchangeacttorealizeourselveswithoutrecognizingthatweandothersareinterdependent,theresultwitbestbeinsensitiveandatworst,oppressiveorevengenocidal.andlovewithoutpowerissentimentndanemic.ifwerecognizeourinterdependenceandacttounifywithothers,butdosoinawaythathobblesourownorothers''growth,theresultwitbestbeineffectundatworst,deceitfullyreinforcingofthestatusquo. powerwithoutloveproducesscorched-earthwarthatdestroyseverythingweholddear.lovewithoutpowerproduceslifelesspeacethatleavesusstuckince.bothoftheseareterribleoues.weneedtofindabetterway. inhisspeech,kingwentontosay,"thiscollisionofimmoralpowerwithpowerlessmoralityconstitutesthemajorcrisisofourtime."[8]thiscollisioncontinuesbecauseourprizationofpowerandlovecontinues.inoursocietiesanmunitiesandorganizations,andwithineachofus,weusuallyfinda"powercamp,"whichpaysattentiontointerestsanddifferences,anda"lovecamp,"whichpaysattentiontoconnectionsanmonalities.thecollisionbetweenthesetwocamps-intheworldsofbusiness,politics,andsocialchange,amongothers-impedesourabilitytomakeprogressonourtoughestsocialchallenges. animperative powerandlovestandatrightanglesanddelineatethespaceofsocialchange.ifwewanttogetunstuckandtomovearoundthisspace-ifwewanttoaddressourtoughestchallenges-wemustunderstandandworkwithbothofthesedrives. ratherthanachoicetobemadeonewayoranother,powerandloveconstituteapermanentdilemmathatmustbereconciledcontinuouslyandcreatively.thisreconciliationiseasyintheorybuthardinpractice.carljungdoubtedwhetheritwasevenpossibleforthesetwodrivestocoexistinthesameperson:"wherelovereigns,thereisnowilltopower;andwherethewillpowerisparamount,loveicking.theoneisbuttheshadowoftheother."[9]hisstudentrobertjohnsonsaid,"probablythemosttroublesomepairofoppositesthatwecantrytoreconcileisloveandpower.ourmodernworldistorntoshredsbythisdichotomy,andonefindsmanymorefailuresthansessesintheattempttoreconcilethem."[10] ihaveseenmanyexamplesofrecklessandabusivepowerwithoutlove,andmanyexamplesofsentimentndanemiclovewithoutpower.ihaveseenfarfewerexamplesofpowerwithlove.toofewofusarecapableofemployingpowerwithlove.moreofusneedtolearn. ifwearetoseedinco-creatingnewsocialrealities,wecannotchoosebetweenpowerandlove.wemustchooseboth.thisbookexploreshow. 第5章 The Two Sides of Power toexinwhereihavearrivedinmyunderstandingofpowerandloveandsocialchange,ihavetoexinhowistarted. igrewupinmontrendstudiedphysicsatmcgilluniversity.inthesummerof1981,asiwasfinishingmyundergraduatedegree,iattendedameetingofthepugwashconferenceonscienceandworldaffairsinbanff,alberta,whereiheardaspeechaboutthecrucialenergyandenvironmentalchallengesarisingoutoftheincreasinplexityandfullness-ofpeopleandideasandthings-oftheworld.idecidedtoshiftmystudiesfromphysicaltosocialsciences,andiwentontodoagraduatedegreeineconomicsandpublicpolicyattheuniversityofcaliforniaatberkeley.aftergraduation,iworkedatavarietyofresearchinstitutionsinnorthamerica,europe,andasia,andtheninthecorporatenningdepartmentofpacificgasandelectripanyinsanfrancisco. myfatherhadtaughtmethevalueofindustriousness-ofdoingmyjobwell,whateverthatjobwas-andofself-determinationandself-improvement.hisfavoritestorywasofhenrydavidthoreau,whohadlivedinthewoodsatwaldenpondandaftertwoyearshaeoutwithhisaxesharperthanwhenhehadgonein. iwasyoungandambitiousandkeentomakemymarkontheworld. generativepower in1988,wheniwastwenty-sevenyearsold,imovedfromsanfranciscotolondontotakeajobintheglobalstrategydepartmentoftheenergpanyroyaldutchshell.whatilovedmostaboutworkingforshellwasthepower.ienjoyedgettingthediplomaticmemos:"thegovernmentofc?ted''ivoirehasreiteratedtheirrequestthatwedesistfromreferringtothemastheivorycoast."ioncegotamistakenphonecaskingmewherea$300millionpaymentforafueloildeliveryshouldbedeposited.ilikedshell''spracticalroleinprovidingtheworldwithenergy:thpanyinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdorsayearinresearchanddevelopment,drilledforoilthousandsoffeetunderwater,andproducedfuelsbyheatingoilsandsandcoolingnaturalgas.ireveledinbeingasmallcoginthisbigandimportantmachine. iwasatshettheheightofcapitalistconfidence.theberlinwallhadjustfallen,theinteboomwasstarting,francisfukuyamahadpublished"theendofhistory,"tomwolfewaswritingaboutmanhattanfinanciersas"mastersoftheuniverse,"andmargaretthatcherwaspronouncingthat"thereisnoalternative"totheanglo-americanfreeenterprisemodel.thedominantculturalmemewasthatinallspheres-economic,political,social,legal,international,intellectual-acontestamonpetingpowersproducedthebestoue.[11]frommyofficeinalondonskyscraper,itseemedtomethatifeverybodyjustdidtheirjobandpushedforwardtheirpart-engagedincivilized,manlyjostling-thewholewouldgrowandprosper. myexperienceatshell,andelsewhereintheworldofbusiness,wasofanalmostsingle-mindedemphasisonthepragmaticuseofpower-thekindofpowerthataformerphysicsstudentcouldrecognize.itseemedtomethatbusinesspeopleunderstoodpowerthesamewaymartinlutherkingjr.did:"powerproperlyunderstoodisnothingbuttheabilitytoachievepurpose."[12]theiractionsseemedtoordwithpaultillich''sexnationofpower''sgenerativeroot:"thedriveofeverythinglivingtorealizeitself,withincreasingintensityandextensity."thisdrivecanbeseenintheforceofagrowingseed:theforcethat"guerrigardeners"employtoturnvacanturbanlotsintoparks,whentheysurreptitiouslyntseedsthatbreakthroughtheconcrete. atshellicouldseehowmyowndriveforself-realization,alongwiththatofmycolleagues,producedfuriouslpetitiveintellectualcreativityandgrowth.theheadofourdepartment,ariedegeus,wroteabookcalledthelivinpany.thishelpedmealsoseehowthpany''slivingdriveforself-realization,alongwiththatofothepanies,producedfuriouslpetitivmercialcreativityandgrowth.[13] inallofthisisawthegenerativeaspectofpower:theuniversaldriveto"getone''sjobdone."powerexpressesourpurposefulness,wholeness,andagency.althoughpoweristhedrivetorealizeone''sself,theeffectofpowergoesbeyondone''sself.powerishowwemakeadifferenceintheworld;itisthemeansbywhichnewsocialrealitiesarecreated.withoutpower,nothingnewgrows. atshelliwasheadofthestrategygroupthatconstructedscenarios-usiblealternativestories-ofsocial-political-environmentalcontextsinwhichthpanymightfinditself.in1991,pieterleroux,aprofessorattheleft-winguniversityofthewesterncapeinsouthafrica,contactedmebecausehewantedtousetheshellmethodologytohelpagroupofsouthafricanoppositionleadersdevelopastrategyforeffectingthetransitionawayfromapartheid.nelsonmandhadjustbeenreleasedfromtwenty-sevenyearsinprison,andthenegotiationsbetweentheoppositionandthewhiteminoritygovernmenthadstartedinearnest.leroux''sprojectsoundedinterestingandworthwhiletome,andmyshellbosseswerehappy,afteryearsofbeingvilifiedfornothavingdivestedfromsouthafrica,fortheopportunitytorebuildthpany''srtionshipswiththeopposition.soinseptember1991,itraveledtocapetowntofacilitatethefirstworkshopofwhatbecameknownasthemontfleurscenarioexercise.[14] whatifoundexhratinginmeetingtheseleaders-frompoliticalparties,tradeunionsmunityorganizations,universities,anpanies-wastheirpowerfulpurposefulness.everyoneofthemwamittedtoaddressing,fromtheirparticridologdinstitutionalbase,southafrica''stoughchallenges,andtheyhadalreadyrealizedthattheycouldbesessfulonlyiftheyworkedtogether.whitebusinessmanjohannliebenberterremembered,withsurpriseandpleasure,hisconversationswiththeckleaderswhohadhithertobeenhisadversaries:"thiswasnewtome,especiallyhowopen-mindedtheywere.thesewerenotpeoplewhosimplysaid:''look,thisishowitisgoingtobewhenwetakeoveroneday.''theywerepreparedtosay:''hey,howwoulditbe?let''sdiscussit.''"[15]ifeltexcitedtoyapartinthisimportantsocialchangeprocess. whatisawintheseworkshops,andthroughthewindowtheyprovidedmeontothedynamicsofsouthafrica''sextraordinarytransition,changedmyunderstandingofwhatwaspossibleintheworld.isawthatateamofleadersfromacrossasocialsystemcould,eveninthemosplex,conflictual,andchallengingofcontexts,exercisetheirpowercollectivelytochangethatsystemforthebetter.iwasinspiredbywhatiwaslearningaboutthisgenerativepower. whatisawalsochangedmyunderstandingofwhatwaspossibleforme.isawthatihadajobtodo-awayofmakingadifferenceintheworld-insupportingsuchteams.in1993,iresignedfromshendmovedtosouthafrica.sincethenihavebeendoingthiskindofworkthereandelsewhere. degenerativepower howdowetonoticesomethingthatwearenotnoticing?iwasonceworkinginmyoffice,andmysunsseswereinmyshirtpocket.iwentintoadarkclosetandleanedovertopickupsomesuppliesnearthefloor,wheniheardasoundthaticouldn''tce.asiwentout,iunconsciouslyfiledawaythatanomalousevent-theunexinedsound-andwentbacktowhatiwasdoingterisawthatihadmiscedmysunssesandbeganlookingaroundforthem.thenirememberedtheunexinedsoundandrealizedithadbeenthesoundofmysunssesfallingoutofmypocketontotheclosetfloor. duringthefirstyearsafterileftshendstartedworkingasafacilitatorofsocialchangeteams,ikepthearingsoundsofasecondkindofpowerthatididn''tknowhowtointerpret.myfirstinterpretationofwhathadhappenedatmontfleur-theinterpretationthatiwasworkingfrom-wasthattheteamhaddecidedthattheirpower,theirdrivetorealizethemselvesasindividualsandasanation,couldmoreeffectivelybeexercisedworkingwithratherthanagainstoneanother.theyhadusedfourbirdimagestosummarizetheirsharedunderstandingofthedifferentwaysthefutureofthenationmightunfold:an"ostrich"scenarioofwhitedenial,ameduck"scenarioofanoverconstrainednewckgovernment,an"icarus"scenarioofthenewgovernmentflyingtoohightoofast,anda"mingos"scenarioofrisingslowlytogether.butwhenpallojordan,oneoftheintellectualleadersoftheafricannationalcongress,heardthesescenariospresentedatapartymeeting,hethoughttheywereridiculouslyna?veabouttheessentiallyviolentdynamicsofpowerinthesouthafricancontext."whatisallthisaboutducksandmingos?"heaskedincredulously."theonlybirdsthatmatterherearehawksandsparrows!" itisnotsurprisingthatjordanandihaddifferentperspectivesonpower.icamefromapeacefndunfetteredbackground,andihadencounteredsouthafricaforthefirsttimein1991,oneyearafterthehopefultransitionalnegotiationshadstartedandseveralyearsafterthehopeless,violentshesbetweenthegovernmentandtheoppositioninthe1970sand1980s.jordanisck,whichinapartheidsouthafricameanshegrewupasasecond-ssperson.hehadspentdecadesinexileworkingfortheafricannationalcongressandhadonlyjustreturnedtothecountrytoengagedirectlyinthesetoughnegotiations.powerlooksdifferenttopeoplewhohavetostruggleforit. nowirealizedwhatihadbeenhearing:powerhastwosides.thegenerativesideofpoweristhepower-tothatpaultillichreferstoasthedrivetoself-realization.thedegenerative,shadowsideispower-over-thestealingorsuppressionoftheself-realizationofanother.tillichrecognizesbothsides:"poweractualizesitselfthroughforceanpulsion.butpowerisneithertheonenortheother.itisbeing,actualizingitselfovernon-being.itusesandabusepulsioninordertooveethisthreat.itusesandabusesforceinordertoactualizeitself.butitisneithertheonenortheother."[16]power-overabusesforceanpulsiontosuppressoroppressordominateanother. likepallojordan,mywifedorothyisckandgrewupinsouthafricaandwasinvolvedforyearsintheanti-apartheidstruggle.wheterwevisitedguatemtogether,shenoticedsomethingthatididn''t.thepositionofaboriginalpeoplethereremindedherofcksinsouthafrica:theyweretreatedasiftheywereinvisible.nottoseeanotherperson,ortoseeherorhimasanonperson,istheextrememanifestationofpower-over. themosmonunderstandingofpowerisaspower-over.whenstephenlukes,aprofessorofpoliticsandsociologyatnewyorkuniversity,wrotehisssic1974bookpower:aradicalview,heequatedpowerwithdomination.butthirtyyearter,inthesecondedition,lukesrevisedhisview:"itwasamistaketodefinepowerbysayingthat''aexercisespoweroverbwhenaaffectsbinamannercontrarytob''sinterests.''powerasdominationisonlyonespeciesofpower."[17]power-overisasubsetofpower-to. degenerativepower-overarisesoutofgenerativepower-to.wheniamexercisingmypower-toandifeelmyselfbumpingupagainstyouexercisingyours,andifinthisconflictihavethecapacitytoprevailoveryou,thenicaneasilyturntoexercisingpoweroveryou.mydrivetorealizemyselfslipseasilyintovaluingmyself-realizationaboveyours,andthenintobelievingarrogantlythatiammoredeservingofself-realization,andthenintoadvancingmyself-realizationevenifitimpedesyours. manywhitesinsouthafricavaluedtheirself-realizationabovethatofothers,andtheydeployedanideology-apart-heid-tojustifytheirbehavior.wecanseeanalogousdynamicsacrossracesorethnicgroupsorssesorgendersineverysociety.thus,theseductivelybeautifulfaceofpower-tomorphs,asinahorrormovie,intotheviciouslyterriblefaceofpower-over. onceihadseenthetwosidesofpowerstarklyinsouthafrica,icouldrecognizethemmoreeasilyelsewhere.afterileftshell,iconsultedtoseverapaniesandbusinessassociationsinhouston,texas.ifoundthebusinesscultureofhoustonunusundfascinating.thebusinesspeopletherewereunconstrainedintheirenthusiasmforindependent,unregted,entrepreneurialpower-to.thecan-dopropertydevelopersimetownedprivatpanieswithnameslike"johnsmithinterests,"whichiunderstoodtorepresentanunabashedcelebrationoftheadvancingofanindividual''sowninterestsandpower. thesesamebusinesspeoplewerealsoenthusiasticintheirsupportforvoluntaryphnthropyandcivicengagement.theyweremoreawarethanpeopleihadmetelsewhereoftheirroleintheevolutionoftheirsocialreality.houstonhadgrownfrombeingthetwenty-firsrgestcityintheunitedstatesin1940tofourtrgestin1990.ithadbewhatitwasnotbyident,butastheresultoftheintentionaldecisionsmadebypeoplesuchasthemselves,andtheyfeltaresponsibilitytocontinuethispublicwork.theideologyofhoustonbusinesspeoplepromotedindividualself-realizationinalignmentwithcollectiveself-realization. inthimunity,theveryepitomeofpower-towaskey,thefounderandchairmanofenron,the$100billionnaturalgas,electricity,andtelmunicationpany.enronhadbeennamed"america''smostinnovativpany"byfortunemagazinesixyearsinarow,anywasadmiredasanentrepreneurialgenius.atshell,youngstaffwhoconsideredthemselvestobesophisticatedstrategistswereinaweofenron''sdealmaking.thpanywasoneofhouston''sbiggestemployersandcharitabledonors,andithadsponsoredapoprnewdowntownstadium.wheyvisitedourhoustonworkshops,theotherbusinessleaderstreatedhimlikeagodysymbolizedthevirtuesofthefreemarketeerwhoseunfetteredpower-toproducedbothprivatewealthandpublicgood. in2001,ichairedabusinessleaders''dialogueattheaspeninstituteincolorado.amongtheparticipants,whoincludedinternationalcorporate,government,tradeunion,andnonprofitleadersywasthestarwhomeveryonewantedtomeet.bythistime,storiesaboutenron''smalfeasancewerebeginningtocircte.themostprominentusationagainstenronwasthatithadillegallymaniptedcalifornia''selectricitymarket,andcaliforniaattorneygeneralbilllockyerwascallingfoytobeprosecuted. duringthesesessions,onlyoneotherparticipant,atradeunionist,everchallengey.everyoneelseconspicuouslydeferredtohim.ithoughtthatiywassopowerfndwealthy,hedeservedtobelookedupto,andalsothatifiwaspolitetohim,imightbenefitfromhirgesse. oneyearaftertheaspeninstitutemeeting,enronderedbankruptcy,andfiveyearsafterywasfoundguiltyoftenchargesoffraudandconspiracy.thpany''scopsewipedoutmorethan$60billioninshareholderinvestmentand6,000employeejobs,andledtothedissolutionofarthurandersen,itsauditor. exercisingcreative,entrepreneurial,profitablepower-toisnothardifyoupretend,andareallowedtopretend,thatyouliveinanunregtedterranullius.buyandhisenroncolleaguesdidnotliveinsuchanemptyworld,andindefraudingmillionsofpeople,theyseverelyunderminedthosepeople''spower-toy''semphaticrejectionofrulesthatgovernthecollective,asmanifestedinhisdisinterest(enabledbyourdeference)inthesmallmatterofourmeeting''sgroundrulesandthrgermatterofu.sw,illustratedhisdisconnected,degenerativepower-over. theirresponsiblepower-overexercisedbyenronexecutivesforeshadowedtheglobalfinancialcopseof2008.businessjournalistmarkhaineswasflummoxedwhenthecrisisbroke:"weassumethattheindividualpursuinghisorherownbestinterestwillresultinthemaximumbenefitforsocietyasawhole-andthatcertainlyhastobequestionednow."[19]theunderstandingthatihadimbibedinlondontwentyyearsearlier-thatasystemdrivenbythepower-toofthepartswouldproduceabeneficialresultforthewhole-wastragicallyipleteandinadequate.beforethisbecameapparent,however,iwastohaveotherexperiencesthatledmetomycurrentunderstandingofdegenerativepower. when,aftermontfleur,ihadstartedworkingondifferenttoughchallengesindifferentcountries-power-overmanifestingininequityandinequality-icarriedwithmeacertainconfidencethaticamefromacountry,canada,thathadsessfullyoveeitsownsuchchallenges.soin2003iwastakenabacktofindmyselfinaconferenceroomatthedepartmentofjusticeinottawa,ontario,listeningtoagroupofleadersofgovernment,business,andaboriginal(nativeorfirstnations)organizationstalkabouttheirencounterswiththerealitiesofaboriginalpeopleincanada. aswewentaroundthetableandheardeachperson''sstory-ofextraordinarilyhighlevelsofpoverty,addiction,andsuicide;decadesofabuseby"well-intentioned"governmentsandchurches;conflictsovertheextractionofondothernaturalresources;thousandsofstdandtreatydisputes-itbecameobvioustomethatididnoefromacountrythathadsessfullyoveesuchchallenges.mycolleagueursversteegensaysthatourmostimportantlearningenotsimplywhenweseetheworldanew,butspecificallywhenweseeourselves-andourroleincreatingtheworld-anew.[20]onthatdayisawthatiwaspartofasocietythatwasexercisingaterriblepower-over. oneaspectofthiscanadiansituationwasthewidelyheldmentalmodelthataboriginalpeopleneededto"bedeveloped."thismodelhadbeeninstitutionalizedin,amongotherpractices,apolicyofaggressiveassimtionthatsincethe1850shadtakenchildrenawayfromtheirparentstobeeducatedinchurch-andstate-runresidentialschools.oneofthefoundersofresidentialschoolinginnorthamericacharacterizedhisapproachas"killtheindianandsavetheman."[21]residentialschoolingcreatedalegacyofphysical,emotional,sexual,andculturbuse.bythetimethstresidentialschoolincanadaclosedin1998,thispoweroveraboriginalpeoplehadbeenreplicatedforgenerations. afterthismeetinginottawa,iandafewcolleaguesbeganworkingwithateamofnationalgovernmentandaboriginalleaderstotryoutanewwaytounstickthisstucksituation.wechoseasourentrypointtheextraordinarilyhighrateofsuicideamongaboriginalyouth:fivetimesthecanadianaverage.butafterfouryearsofon-and-offefforts,wehadhardlymovedforwardatall.wekeptrunningintoroadblocksrgeandsmall.atonepointwewerefrustratedintryingtmunicatewiththestaffofanaboriginal-runconferencecenter.inedaboutthistomyfriend,activistmichelgelobter,andhechidedme:"whyareyousurprisedthatoppressemunitiesexhibitseriousdys-functions?thesedysfunctionshavetoberecognizedanddealtwith;theyreinforceandmaintainoppressionbydiminishingthecapacityofthesmunitiestoheal."thedegenerativeimpactsofpower-overareresolutelypersistent. ialsonoticedthatwithinourmicrocosmicprojectteam,weseededinre-creatingthestuckrtionshipsthatcharacterizedthemacrocosmweweretryingtochange.thegovernmentleaderswantedtoremainincontrndto"fix"theaboriginalproblem.theaboriginalleadersdidn''twanttobecontrolledorfixedordevelopedbyanyone.andthoseofuswhowereconsultantsdispassionatelykeptourselvesapartfromandabovethesituation.weallhadourowndifferentrolesandpowersandtrajectoriesofself-realization,whichneverreallymovedandneverreallymet.sowemadenoprogressonthechallengethatwehadsetouttoaddress.(onlter,whentheserolesandpowerrtionswereforcefullyrestructuredandownershipoftheprojectwastakenoverbyalocboriginamunity,didtheinitiativebegintomoveforward.) incanada,asinsouthafricaandhouston,ihadbeenabletorecognizethesoundofpower-tomoreeasilythanthesoundofpower-overbecausetheformerresonatedmorestronglywithmyownprivilegedexperience.thenin2004igotatasteoftheexperienceoftheundersideofpower-over.mylondonpartnerzaidhassanandiwereinvitedtofacilitateaworkshopinmichiganforagroupofu.s.minorityactivistswhowererethinkingtheirstrategyforachievingracialequityinlightofthejust-issuedsupremecourtdecisionthatsharplylimitedaffirmativeaction. iwasunsettledevenbeforethemeetingstarted.zaidismuslimandiamjewish,andontheneridehehadshownmeanarticleinanactivistmagazhatpointedouthowmanyoftheu.s.neoconservativesarejewish.healsoshowedmealettertotheeditorthathehadwritten,inwhichheacknowledgedhowcontentiousthisassertionwasbutdefendeditasinformativeandfair.westartedintoatensediscussion,afractalofthrgermuslim-jewishconflict,butthencutshortourargumenttogetreadyfortheworkshop. withthisunresolvedtensionbetweenzaidandme,theworkshopstartedawkwardlyandgotworse.theparticipantswerefeelingbeatendownbytheregressionincivilrightsintheunitedstatesanddiscouragedaboutthepoorresultstheirexistingstrategieswereproducing.theydidn''tthinkmyleadershipofthemeeting,withmywhiteandforeigncolleagues,waslegitimate,andtheywereunhappywiththeprocesswewereusing.harshpowerstrugglesswirledaroundandwithintheroom.eventuallyitbecameobviousthatiwasn''twantedintheworkshopatall,andso,feelinghumiliated,igaveup.ileftthegrouptoleaditselfandwentbacktomyroom. thatnightihadaterrifyingdream.agangwasharassingmemercilessly-crowdingandshovingandhittingme-andicouldn''tescape.eventuallyibecamesohopelessanddespairingthatipulledthepinoutofahandgrenadeandblewmyselfupwithallofthem:ibecameasuicidebomber.throughthisdreamiexperiencedtheterrible,debilitatingfeelingofbeingonthereceivingendofpower-over. by2008,myunderstandingofthedynamicsofpowerandlovewastakingshapethroughsuchexperiencesandreflections.thenihadanotherencounterwithaboriginalissues,thistimeinaustralia.iwasinvitedtomelbournebyanaustralianaboriginalleadernamedpatrickdodson.heiswellknownforhisdecadesofvariedstruggles-mobilizations,negotiations,invocationswsuits-toaddressthechallengesfacedbyhispeople,andspecificallyforhiseffortstoachievereconciliationbetweenaboriginndnonab-originustralians.[22]heknowshowharditistomoveforwardonthesechallengesandwasn''tsurprisedbythckofprogressoftheeffortincanadainwhichihadbeeninvolved. dodsonwantedmetocontributetoameetingthathewasconveningwithjohnsanderson,theformerchiefoftheaustralianarmy.theyweretryingtoconstructanewsetofagreements(includingconstitutionmendments)thatwould,morethan220yearsafterthearrivalofthesettlersand15yearsafterthehighcourtverdictthatoverruledterranullius,putthertionshipbetweenthesetwopeoplesonanequalfooting. theeveningbeforeourmeetingsweretostart,iwalkedbyanoutdoorcinemaandfoundmyselfwatchingtwodocumentaries.thefirstwasthewhit,afilmaboutarcticwildlifeandthedangersitfacesfromglobalwarming.[23]thesecondwaskanyini,aboutanaustralianaboriginalleadernamedbobrandall,amemberofthe"stolengeneration"whoasachildhad(likemanycanadianchildren)beentakenawayfromhisfamilybythegovernment.[24]inkanyini,randarguesthatthecrisisinaboriginalsocietyoriginatedintheirhavingbeendispossessedandestrangedfromthefouraspectsoflifethatareessentialtosurvival:theirbeliefsystemow,theindorcountry,theirspirituality,andtheirfamilies."thepurposeoflifeistobepartofeverythingthatis,"hesaysinthefilm."youtakeawaymykanyini,myinterconnectedness,andi''mnothing.i''mdead."iwasstruckthatrandall''syearningwasthesameaspaultillich''slove:"thedrivetowardstheunityoftheseparated." inthejuxtapositionofthesetwofilms,icouldnowseewhathappenswhenweemployourpowerwithoutlove.ourdestructionofaboriginalsocietiesworldwideandourheadlongrushtowardsthedestructionoftheecosystemsonwhichalloursocietiesdependarisefromourdisconnectionfromoneanotherandfromtheearth.environmentalistjuliabutterflyhillmadethesamepointindescribingherunlikelypartnershipwithsocictivistvanjones:"ibroughtthepiecethatwearenotseparatefromth.hispiecewasthatweneedtouplifteveryone.wewermittedtoseeinghowthosepiecesfittogether.wecouldseeunderneathallofitwastheideaofdisposability:theideathatyou''vegotdisposablepeople,adisposabl."[25]ifwepushawayorabandonoursenseofconnectionwithothers-ouracknowledgment,oursensitivity,ourlove-thereisnolimittothesadness,terror,andpainthatouruncheckedpowercanproduce. wecanrecognizethisdegenerativephenomenonofpowerwithoutlovebecause,insomanycontextsandatsomanyscales,powerdominateslove.weseethisinourhomes,organizationsmunities,nations,andininternationffairs.patrickdodsontoldmeastoryaboutmichaellong,apopraustralianaboriginalsportsmanwhohadwalkedfrommelbouocanberratodrawattentiontothedesperatesituationofhispeople.longmetwithprimeministerjohnhowardandaskedhimtheanguishedquestion:"whereistheloveformypeople?"weallfeeltheanguishthatresultsfromthedeficitoflove. loveiswhatmakespowergenerative basedontheseexperiences,then,hereishowiunderstandthenatureofpoweranditsrtionshiptolove.powerhastwosides,onegenerativeandtheotherdegenerative.ourpowerisgenerativeandamplifyingwhenwerealizeourselveswhilelovingandunitingwithothers.ourpowerisdegenerativeandconstrain-ing-recklessandabusive,orworse-whenweoverlookordenyorcutoffourloveandunity. 第6章 The Two Sides of Love 《powerandlove》第6章 the two sides of love 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第7章 The Dilemma of Power and Love 《powerandlove》第7章 the dilemma of power and love 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第8章 Falling 《powerandlove》第8章 falling 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第9章 Stumbling 《powerandlove》第9章 stumbling 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第10章 Walking 《powerandlove》第10章 walking 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第11章 Conclusion: To Lead Means to Step Forward 《powerandlove》第11章 conclusion: to lead means to step forward 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第12章 Bibliography 《powerandlove》第12章 bibliography 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第13章 Acknowledgments 《powerandlove》第13章 acknowledgments 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第14章 Index 《powerandlove》第14章 index 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第15章 About Reos Partners 《powerandlove》第15章 about reos partners 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第16章 About the Author and the Artist 《powerandlove》第16章 about the author and the artist 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 内容更新后，请重新刷新页面，即可获取最新更新！ 第17章 Notes 《powerandlove》第17章 notes 正在手打中，请稍等片刻， 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